Marine resources

The oceans are of particular importance to Iceland as fisheries are the mainstay of the Icelandic economy. In recent years, the oceans have received growing attention in international cooperation.

Iceland put forth a comprehensive policy on the oceans in May 2004.

Iceland has long been active in efforts to protect the health of the marine environment, including through the UN Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities. Iceland was instrumental in initiating this programme and will continue to support its effective implementation.

The same applies to the International Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), which entered into force in October 2003. The convention is a key instrument in protecting the marine environment and biological diversity.

Icelandic authorities also participate actively in international cooperation on law of the sea issues and fisheries. The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which entered into force in 1994, provides the legal basis for all deliberations in this area.

The Agreement on Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, which entered into force in 1995, is also of paramount importance as it provides a framework for the conservation and management of such stocks by regional fisheries management organizations.

Iceland takes an active part in fisheries cooperation within the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), which addresses, among other things, eco-labeling of fisheries products, IUU fishing, government subsidies in the fishing industry and overfishing.

The UN University’;s Fisheries Training Programme is operated in Iceland.